# Chemistry Figures

> Chemistry Figures (https://chemistryfigures.com) is a free set of generators that make clean, printable chemistry figures for teachers to put in tests, worksheets and slides: lab instruments showing a reading for students to read (graduated cylinders, burets, beakers, gas syringes, rulers, balances, thermometers, pH meters and pH paper), titration curves, particle diagrams, Bohr models, Lewis structures and orbital diagrams. There is no account or sign-up. It is part of STEM Figures (https://stemfigures.com), with sister sites Math Figures (https://mathfigures.com) and Physics Figures (https://physicsfigures.com).

- Each generator is one page that draws one kind of figure from the settings a teacher picks. Figures are drawn in the browser; nothing to install.
- Every setting is kept in the page address (the URL query string), so a link with parameters opens that exact figure. The page’s Share link button copies it.
- Parameters left out of a link take their default values. A value the page doesn’t understand is ignored, and numbers are clamped and rounded to what the instrument can show, so a link always opens a figure.
- A figure can be copied to the clipboard as an image, downloaded as a PNG (at 3× size, sharp in print) or as an SVG, or printed: printing the page prints just the figure, 7.5 inches wide.
- Most figures have an optional chart title and an optional answer key line printed under them, so one figure can serve as the question and the key.
- Teachers can undo and redo changes and save named presets, which stay in their own browser.

## Generators

- [Volume Reading](https://chemistryfigures.com/volume-reading): Make printable graduated cylinder, buret and beaker figures for chemistry tests. Type a volume and students read it from the meniscus, with a magnified view for the estimated digit.
- [Volume by Displacement](https://chemistryfigures.com/volume-by-displacement): Make printable water displacement figures for chemistry tests. Type the before and after readings and get two graduated cylinders, with an object in the second, for students to find its volume.
- [Gas Syringe](https://chemistryfigures.com/gas-syringe): Make printable gas syringe figures for chemistry tests. Type a volume of gas in cm³ or mL and students read it from the plunger of a 50 or 100 cm³ syringe, alone or set up with a conical flask and stand, with a magnified view for the estimated digit.
- [Length Reading](https://chemistryfigures.com/length-reading): Make printable ruler figures for chemistry tests. Pick a centimeter or inch ruler and how finely it is marked, type an object’s length, and students measure it, lined up with 0 or starting partway along, with magnified views of its ends.
- [Mass Reading](https://chemistryfigures.com/mass-reading): Make printable balance figures for chemistry tests. Type a mass and get a digital, analytical or triple beam balance showing it, for students to read.
- [Temperature Reading](https://chemistryfigures.com/temperature-reading): Make printable thermometer figures for chemistry tests. Type a temperature in Celsius, Kelvin or Fahrenheit and students read it from a liquid-in-glass thermometer, with a magnified view for the estimated digit, or from a digital probe thermometer.
- [pH Reading](https://chemistryfigures.com/ph-reading): Make printable pH meter figures for chemistry tests. Type a pH and students read it from a digital pH meter, from an analog meter with a magnified view for the estimated digit, or by matching a strip of pH paper to its color chart.
- [Titration Curve](https://chemistryfigures.com/titration-curve): Make printable titration curves for chemistry tests. Pick a strong or weak acid or base, type the molarities, volume and pKa, or just the starting, equivalence and ending pH, and get the curve with its equivalence and half-equivalence points marked.
- [Particle Diagram](https://chemistryfigures.com/particle-diagram): Make printable particle diagrams for AP Chemistry tests. Pick the atoms, ions and molecules, their sizes, shades and charges, and how many of each, and get them scattered in a box or packed in an ionic or alloy lattice, with a key.
- [Bohr Model](https://chemistryfigures.com/bohr-model): Make printable Bohr model diagrams for chemistry tests. Pick any element and charge, or set the protons, neutrons and electrons on each shell, and get the nucleus and rings in your colors, with an ion’s gained and lost electrons marked, empty rings or a blank nucleus for students to complete.
- [Lewis Structures](https://chemistryfigures.com/lewis-structures): Make printable Lewis structures for chemistry tests. Type a formula like H2O or SO4 2- and get its Lewis dot structure, with formal charges and resonance structures, a structure for students to complete, or a wrong one for students to find the mistakes in.
- [Orbital Diagram](https://chemistryfigures.com/orbital-diagram): Make printable orbital diagrams for chemistry tests. Pick an element and charge and get its electron configuration drawn as arrows in boxes, following the aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion and Hund’s rule, with exceptions, noble gas cores, blanks for students and deliberate mistakes.

## Linking to an exact figure

- A link to an exact figure is the generator’s address followed by ? and its parameters, joined by &, e.g. https://chemistryfigures.com/volume-reading?instrument=buret&reading=23.47.
- Give only the parameters that differ from the defaults. Encode values as usual for a URL: a space as + or %20, a plus sign as %2B, and JSON values percent-encoded.
- On/off parameters are 1 or 0. Choices are the exact lowercase words listed for each parameter.
- [Every generator’s parameters, for people](https://chemistryfigures.com/linking): a table of each parameter, its values and default, with example links.
- [Every generator’s parameters, as plain text](https://chemistryfigures.com/llms-full.txt): the same reference, for tools.

Examples:

- [A 50 mL buret reading 23.47 mL, with a magnifier and the answer key.](https://chemistryfigures.com/volume-reading?instrument=buret&reading=23.47&answerKey=1)
- [A rock raising the water in a 100 mL cylinder from 52.0 to 67.5 mL (a 15.5 mL rock), with the answer key.](https://chemistryfigures.com/volume-by-displacement?size=100&before=52&after=67.5&object=rock&answerKey=1)
- [A 100 cm³ gas syringe alone, holding 62.4 cm³ of gas, with no magnifier.](https://chemistryfigures.com/gas-syringe?reading=62.4&setup=syringe&view=whole)
- [A metal cylinder 6.42 cm long on a 15 cm ruler marked in mm, starting at 0, with the answer key.](https://chemistryfigures.com/length-reading?length=6.42&answerKey=1)
- [A triple beam balance reading 347.85 g, with a magnifier on the front rider and the answer key.](https://chemistryfigures.com/mass-reading?mass=347.85&answerKey=1)
- [A liquid-in-glass thermometer reading 78.5 °C, with a magnifier and the answer key.](https://chemistryfigures.com/temperature-reading?reading=78.5&answerKey=1)
- [A digital pH meter showing 8.34, with the answer key.](https://chemistryfigures.com/ph-reading?reading=8.34&answerKey=1)
- [Acetic acid (25.0 mL, 0.100 M, pKa 4.76) titrated with 0.100 M NaOH, with the equivalence and half-equivalence points marked.](https://chemistryfigures.com/titration-curve?halfMark=guides)
- [A gas mixture: 5 diatomic molecules of dark gray atoms and 4 large white atoms, scattered in a box with a key naming them.](https://chemistryfigures.com/particle-diagram?particles=%5B%7B%22count%22%3A5%2C%22shape%22%3A%22pair%22%2C%22look%22%3A%7B%22size%22%3A%22m%22%2C%22shade%22%3A%22dark%22%2C%22charge%22%3A%22%22%7D%2C%22outer%22%3A%7B%22size%22%3A%22m%22%2C%22shade%22%3A%22dark%22%2C%22charge%22%3A%22%22%7D%2C%22name%22%3A%22Cl%E2%82%82+molecule%22%7D%2C%7B%22count%22%3A4%2C%22shape%22%3A%22single%22%2C%22look%22%3A%7B%22size%22%3A%22l%22%2C%22shade%22%3A%22white%22%2C%22charge%22%3A%22%22%7D%2C%22outer%22%3A%7B%22size%22%3A%22s%22%2C%22shade%22%3A%22white%22%2C%22charge%22%3A%22%22%7D%2C%22name%22%3A%22Ar+atom%22%7D%5D&show=both)
- [A sodium atom: 11 protons and 12 neutrons as balls, electrons 2, 8, 1, with shell labels and a key.](https://chemistryfigures.com/bohr-model?protons=11&neutrons=12&electrons=2-8-1&key=1&shellLabels=1)
- [Sulfate, SO₄²⁻, under the octet rule, in brackets, with formal charges.](https://chemistryfigures.com/lewis-structures?formula=SO4+2-&formalCharges=1)
- [Iron, Fe, with its [Ar] noble gas core and the answer key.](https://chemistryfigures.com/orbital-diagram?z=26&core=1&answerKey=1)

## Optional

- [About](https://chemistryfigures.com/about): who makes Chemistry Figures (teacher.dev) and how to send feedback.
- [Privacy](https://chemistryfigures.com/privacy): no personal information is collected; settings live in the page address and presets in the browser.
- [STEM Figures](https://stemfigures.com): the family of figure sites this one belongs to.
- [Math Figures](https://mathfigures.com): a sister site.
- [Physics Figures](https://physicsfigures.com): a sister site.